How to resolve AdBlock issue? 
I agree with Tom. If you are tagging your clips and folders in the Finder and have the Keywords boxes checked when importing the tags will come along with the clips and you will get the disclosure arrow. Click on it to see the tags.
Keywords.png
I imagine this is how you want them to come in.
Disclosure%20arrow.png
1. Clip imported with no Finder tags. This is what you want.
2. Clip imported with Finder tags and Keywords boxes checked. This is probably what you are getting.
3. Clip imported with Finder tags and Keywords boxes NOT checked. This is another way to get what you want.
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Don’t over think this. As you say “you are a beginner with an iPhone.” You can just start shooting with different settings till you find the ones you like best. Work with those till you become comfortable with them and move on from there.
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When you viewed the clips after import did you set any favorites or rejected clips? If you did you will get the disclosure arrow.
Have you clicked on the arrow to open up the drop down list to see what is there?
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The triangle shows up anytime you add a keyword, select a range, mark as favorite, etc. to a clip. A smart collection is the way to go.
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I cannot answer the first part of the question. Four seconds is the default for imported photos and to my knowledge cannot be changed even if you change it in preferences. I think you can select multiple multiple photos in the timeline and then re time them to 2 seconds in the inspector panel.
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To me it looks like you have expanded the audio and video lanes. You can check by opening the Timeline Index (upper left corner of the Timeline) and then selecting Roles. Does the button on the right say Hide Audio Lanes? If so click it.
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What do you mean by overheating? Does the Mac shut down? Do you get an on screen warning that the machine is getting hot?
My older MacBook Pro gets warmer and the fans turn on when using FCP but not hot to the touch.
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I have seen a problem caused by SD card naming conventions. When one SD card, named Untitled, is inserted into a Mac and another card named Untitled is into a card reader connected to the same Mac only one SD card is recognized.
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Knowing what you are viewing the output on is critical. If you are viewing it on the same Mac screen you used for editing and it looks over saturated then it is probably a profile issue as stated above. If you are viewing on another device that is not calibrated then all bets are off.
For example, I recently finished a video and watched it via AirPlay to my Samsung TV. The colors were way over saturated. Like you, I wondered what the heck? I then watched it on a Panasonic TV and the colors were more like the colors on my MBP, and when viewed on the MBP the colors were spot on.
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Are you shooting in 4K? What version of MacBook are you using? Is the media on an external SSD, rotating drive, or the computer internal drive? Are you using proxy's? It looks a little like the drive cannot serve the data fast enough so the frames are being dropped or stuttering.
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When you get the new machine and start it up there is an option for copying all the information, files, applications, etc to the new machine via Ethernet or WiFi. Basically the entire hard drive gets cloned to the new machine.
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I never backup those files. It saves huge amounts is disc space. No reason to, they are easily regenerated when need. Just reopen the Library and tell FCP to do its thing.
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Do you have a Time Machine backup you can check? I believe that the default location for the FCP auto backups is on the computers main hard drive and that the backups are included in the TM backups.
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Let me rephrase, what is the total amount of memory being used for all applications and processes on the machine? The number is at the bottom of the Memory tab.
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Memory still plays big role. You can check your memory usage by opening up the Applications/Utilities folder and then start the Activity Monitor application. Click on the Memory tab. With just the Activity Monitor open my system uses 4.66 GB of the available 16 GB. Start FCP X and then start the playing back the timeline and memory usage jumps to 6.33 GB. I started a render process and memory usage jumped to 7.2 GB. As you are experiencing an 8 GB machine would struggle as the more complex the video file is. The more memory you have the less swapping in and out of memory that needs to happen and the faster your machine runs.
If you mouse over the headings at the bottom of the Activity Viewer memory screen you will get a description of what the numbers mean. Reviewing the memory usage may also give you a clue as to why your system is crashing. I would be interested in seeing your memory results.
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